A semiconductor-based laser used to generate analog signals or digital pulses for transmission through optical fibers. Both laser diodes and LEDs (light-emitting diodes) are used for this purpose, but ...

A semiconductor diode that emits light when charged with electricity. They come in diverse colors and some LEDs even contain multiple elements and are therefore capable of emitting light with ...

Abstract: Many functional blocks have a basic double-diffused three-layer n-p-n or p-n-p structure to permit the incorporation of transistors. If diodes are also to be incorporated in the block, it is ...

Remote and precise control of neural systems is critically important in fields of neuroscience and neuroengineering. Here, we present a bidirectional neuromodulation technique based on a thin-film ...

Abstract: We develop a new method to read the frequency modulation (FM) of a laser diode self-mixing interferometer (SMI), based on using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer as an edge filter, and obtain ...