This article is drawn from the course “DSP Made Simple for Engineers.” For more information, see Besser Associates. This article is also available as a PDF. This article discusses a powerful analysis ...

What is the three-term one-port VNA error model? Manipulation of an S-parameter flow diagram to allow for the determination of each network node in terms of a single ...

This article is part of the TechXchange: Vector Network Analyzers. This is the second in a multi-part series of articles on vector network analysis. Part 1 introduced the VNA, how such instruments ...

Abstract: A signal flow graph (SFG) representation of small-signal responses of nonlinear microwave circuits around a large-signal operating point is developed using the X-parameters. It is shown that ...

The working of a modulator can be explained using a conversion example. In Table 1 the headings X, B, C, D, and W correspond to points in the signal path of the block diagram in Figure 2. For this ...

Abstract: It is crucial to build an accurate diagnosis model for testability design. This paper proposes a ship equipment testability modeling and simulation method based on multi-signal flow diagrams ...

This application note presents a reference design for the Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) machine. This document describes the CPAP machine, its theory of operation, signal processing, ...

ABSTRACT: In this work a method called “signal flow graph (SFG)” is presented. A signal-flow graph describes a system by its signal flow by directed and weighted graph; the signals are applied to ...