Half the bits are represented on the real axis and half the bits are represented on the imaginary axis. The in-phase and quadrature signals are independent level Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) ...

Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) has been a fundamental component in the evolution of mobile connectivity. As the demand for faster data speeds and more efficient network utilization continues to ...

While delivering 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GE) transport over optical connections is growing in metro and core networks, adoption of optical-based 10GE solutions has been slowed in the enterprise data ...

In many ways, high-speed optical communications are following the path that wireless technology has blazed. Of course, optical and wireless networks use different technologies to deal with specific ...

New test solutions are emerging to address the test challenges associated with the forthcoming Wi-Fi 7 standard. Wi-Fi 7 covers the (so far, for Wi-Fi) unused frequency range between 6 GHz and 7.125 ...

Once you buy an HDTV it doesn't take long before you get confused by all the acronyms. We love us some HD, but the days of simply bringing a new set home and plugging into a coax cable are long over - ...