Formal methods are a suite of mathematically grounded techniques that underpin the design, specification, and verification of programming languages and software systems. They involve the use of ...

The Bayesian method is the natural approach to inference, yet it is hidden from readers behind chapters of slow, mathematical analysis. The typical text on Bayesian inference involves two to three ...

Abstract: Although an automated flexible production cell is an intriguing prospect for small to median enterprises (SMEs) in current global market conditions, the complexity of programming remains one ...

Structured computer programming using a modern high-level programming language: Java! Includes console I/O, data types, variables, control structures, arrays, function definitions and calls, parameter ...

Interfaces and Methods are two modern programming concepts which provide essential functionality for Object Oriented Industrial Programming (OOIP). Part 1 of this series introduced OOIP and showed how ...

Article Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to ...

An abstract class is a template definition of methods and variables in a specific class, or category of objects. In programming, objects are units of code, and each object is made into a generic class ...