Electrified telegraphy was the first practical use of electricity for long-distance communication. This was a tremendous improvement over flashing lights and waving signal flags. The well-known Morse ...

Over the past decades, engineers have introduced numerous technologies that rely on light and its underlying characteristics.

Error vector magnitude (EVM) is a measure of modulation quality and error performance in complex wireless systems. It provides a method to evaluate the performance of ...

The modulation scheme 16FSK is pretty unusual and not widely used. Yet it is now available in a new IC from CML Microcircuits. And it offers some unusually good benefits for those of you building low ...

Overcoming the issues of DC offset in Direct Conversion for Software Defined Radios. Modulation is a process by which characteristics of a high-frequency carrier signal are altered to convey ...