Logarithms come in the form \({\log _a}x\). We say this as 'log to the base \(a\) of \(x\). But what does \({\log _a}x\) mean? The answer is \(4\) because \({2^4 ...

Part of [[mathematics]]. They are related to exponential functions. A logarithm tells what exponent (or power) is needed to make a certain number, so logarithms are the inverse (opposite) of ...

ABSTRACT: A hybrid cryptographic system providing digital authentication is described and analyzed in this paper. The proposed cryptosystem incorporates three features: complexity of the discrete ...

A scientific calculator has two 'log' buttons on it. These are marked log and ln. The log key is used for calculations of the form \({\log _{10}}x\). For example, to work out that \(\log 10000 = 4\) ...