Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, Vol. 16, No. 1 (Jan., 1985), pp. 3-17 (15 pages) Arithmetical operations were assumed to remain attached to primitive behavioral models that influence ...

This study, conducted in the United States, was designed to assess the extent to which the beliefs, "multiplication always makes bigger" and "division always makes smaller," are explicitly held by ...

Want to learn more? Sign up for a free five-week email mini-course full of research-backed strategies to help students make sense of math. Give Cindy Cliche a math word problem, and she can tell you ...

Students often struggle to connect math with the real world. Word problems—a combination of words, numbers, and mathematical operations—can be a perfect vehicle to take abstract numbers off the page.