This chapter focuses on two important characteristics of Instruction Set Architecture (ISA), which are instruction encoding and addressing modes. Instruction encoding depends on the architecture of ...

Abstract: This work develops a new technique for interfacing the data exchange between the microprocessor-based systems and the external devices. This technique exploits the great capacity of ...

The release of Intel’s 8086 microprocessor in 1978 was a watershed moment for personal computing. The DNA of that chip is likely at the center of whatever computer—Windows, Mac, or Linux—you’re using ...

Intel’s 8086 16-bit microprocessor and its 8-bit sibling, the 8088, gave the personal computer market a tremendous boost when IBM adopted the 8088 in 1981 for the original IBM PC and used 8086-family ...